In a previous post we learned how to use matplotlib’s gridspec to make subplots of unequal size. gridspec is quite powerful, but can be a little complicated to use. This is especially true if you are coming to Python from Matlab. In the current post we learn how to make figures and subplots in a manner that will be more
Read more
Scientific figures are at their most informative when they include the individual data used to calculate summary statistics such as means and standard deviations. Why is showing data important? As previously pointed out here and here, figures with means, standard deviations, standard errors, etc. can be misleading and conceal the nature of the underlying data. As highlighted in our previous
Read more
Suppose you are planning to conduct a repeated-measures study, where outcomes are measured from the same subject at more than one point in time and the average within-subject effect is calculated using a paired t-test or linear regression. How might you calculate how many subjects need to be tested in order to find an effect? Similar to calculating sample size
Read more
Scientists often plan for studies by calculating how many subjects or units need to be tested in order to find an effect. That is, they plan for a study using statistical power according to principles of hypothesis testing. Sample size calculations are usually required in ethics applications and grant proposals to justify the study. We previously learned how to calculate
Read more
Jupyter notebooks are a scientific computing development platform that can run many different programming languages, including Python via the interactive Python interpreter IPython. The key advantage in a notebook environment is that code can be sectioned into cells for testing while retaining all the interactive features of IPython, including magic commands. IPython magics are a specialised set of commands hosted
Read more
In a previous post we learned how to perform an independent t-test in R to determine whether a difference between two groups is important or significant. In this post we will learn how to perform the same test using the Python programming language. Along the way we will learn a few things about t distributions and calculating confidence intervals. dataset.In
Read more